Electric battery.



No. 886,652. PATENTED MAY 5, 1908.

C. B. SGHOENMEHL.

ELECTRIC BATTERY.

APPLICATION FILED MAB. 29, 1906.

MMM. y Z 2 Z SL 7 UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

cHARLEs B. scHoENMEHL, or WATERBUEY, ooNuEcTIoUT.

ELECTRIC BATTERY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented-May 5, 1908.

Application med ism-ch 29, 190s. serial No. 308,725.

.resident of VVaterburyy--in the county of New Haven and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectric Batteries, of which the. following is a specification.

This invention relates to' electric batteries and more especially torimary batteries of the zinc and cop er oxi type.

The essential eature's of my invention are to produce a battery whereinthe initial resistance Will be materially reduced, and a more uniformvolta e throughout the working of the battery o tained.

i elect to obtain the above results in part by the combined use of`oxidof copper compressed int-o a thin mass of either cy i drical or lainforms and a suitable perforated receptaclre for holding or maintainingthe same in place, during shipment and use.

I am aware that compressedforms of co per oXid have heretofore beenextensive y used and also that perforated baskets have been employed forholding copper scale and I do not herein'make claim to either of thesefeatures as heretofore employed, :but after considerable 'ex erience inthe manufacture and handling ofp both such features and thus learningthe Weakness and objections thereto, have devised the new forms,combinations and arrangement of element as herein shown, described andrecited in the claims.

Upon the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specificationsimilar characters of reference denote like or'correspondingpartsthroughout the several figures of the drawing, and of which,

Figure 1 shows a central vertical sectional view through an improvedform of battery embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a detached centralvertical sectional view through' a slightly different form of negativeelement from that shown in Fig.- 1, and embodying my invention. 3, 1s abottom plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 2.- Fig. 4, isafurther verticalsectional Vview of a modified form of negative elementincluding my*v improvement. Fig. 5, is a disconnected fragment ary viewof a preferred form of the erforated sheet metal used for the forms sown in Figs. 2 and 4.

The unprotected compressed oxid of copper elements, both plates andcylinders as eretoi` ore manufactured, have not only been lvery brittleand liable to break but have been bulky in proportion to their Wei ht byreason of not being pressed hard enougIi. result of tbe excessivethickness of such elements an uneven voltage Was produced and furtherbvreason of thelr softness, they were more liable to disintegrate and fallaway when inuse. By pressing the same quantity of material into athinner compass and inclos- Way to retain the material intact eventhough 'it should become broken or affected, I overcome the objectionsnoted, andproduce afar more commercial elei'nent than has heretoforebeen produced.

Referring* in detail to the characters of reference marked upon thedrawings 8 indicates a 'battery jar of any usual or preferred to restupon the j arand ber-gasket 9EL to en age t duce a li 'uidproofinclosure as is desire for automob es, reapers and other uses.

10 indicates a cylindrical zinc having a pair of suspendi poles 11connected to the .nuts 12 an 13 by means of which said zinc is supportedand for the connection of the field Wire respectively. This zinc likethe jar and ycover maybe of any of the usual conof my own manufacture.

The improved negative element comprises first, a very hardly compressed'thin bulk of copper oxid 14, preferably in cylindrical form, and whichobviously is very brittle-and delicate as a result of its being`formedin comparatively a dry state 4and further by reason of having beensubjected to a prolonged baking process, These cylinders-are serves as arotector therefor and likewise in art for t' e attachment of thesupporting ro and for retaining the element central Within the zinc.This perforated protection can be usedeither upon the inside, theoutside, or bothsides as desired, according to the requirements of theparticular class of Work upon which the batte V- is to' be used. In Fig.1 I have shown a ain compressed copper oxid tubular cylinder, entirelyinclosed by a casing formed of a plain inner wall 15 of perforatedconducting. and a similar outer wall 16 both o up snugly against thesideof said cylinder. An-upper cap 17 havingv an annular pocket Also asa' ing the same with perforated material in al design, 9 a porcelaincover therefor adapted provided with a, rube inner Wall, to ro`'structions, but prefably of the design shown provided with aperforatedl covering which.

material which set cover and rovi ed with jamand binding i may beconnected to the cover 18 therein to receive the top end of the coppercylinder and casing is p aced over .one

end and a bottom cap 19 Yhaving an annular .two end caps and by having anut23 screwed down upon the top cap in a way to draw the two capstogether against the ends of the cylinder. The upper end of this rod isextended through a porcelain sleeve 24 and through the cover, and isprovided with jam E and thumb nuts 25 and 26 respectively. This rodserves the purposes of securing the several parts of the elementtogether besides' supporting the same and further to form its connectionwith the binding post or thumb nuts for wire connections. In Figs. 2, 3and 4, l. show the same style of compressed copper oxid cylinders, bothof which contain an lnclosed upper end, and have a hole therein for the'attachment .of a suspending rod which the same as the element shown inFig 1` These cylinders ydo not require the end caps shown in Fig. 1, butare covered on one or both sides with .a perforated sheet metal wall 27,the upper edge '28 of which is preferably serrated as shown in Fig. 5,and which edge in practice is rolled in and the ends deflected towardthe hole and engaged beneath the washer 29 upon the rod. The lower endof these strips are turned over to engage the under edge of the elementas shown at 30 in Figs. '2, 3 and 4, thus forming either a completeperforated inclosure or only a covering on the one side, which obviouslywould materially stilen andprotectv the element. It will be obL servedthat the plate 27, in Figs. '.2 and 4, forms a recessed or pocketedbolt-engaging member to support the oXid cylinder,l just as the recessedor pocket-ed lower plate 19 of Fig. 1, performs a like function. It willthus be seen that with a given amount of copper thus compressed andcontained within a smaller compass and located ata more uniform distancefrom thel coacting zinc element a more uniform action is obtainedthroughout the consumption of the materials. A battery therefore of thisconstruction will yield very nearly as high a voltage toward the last ofits use as it produced in the beginning, which is obviously highlyimportant.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent isz- 1. A ,negative element for batte-nes comprising athin pressed cylinder of metal oXid, and a perforated and pocketed sheetof metal extending therein and having its edgesl turned over to engagethe cylinder and to support the same.

2. A negatlve element for batteries comprising a thin pressed cylinderof metal oxid,

a perforated sheet of metal upon the outer side of the cylinder, and abolt-supported perforated flanged sheet of metal upon the under side ofsaid cylinder.

. 3. A negative element' for batteries, comprising a thin pressedcylinder of metal oxid, a perforated sheet of metal upon one sidethereof, upper and lower detachable caps mounted respectively upon theto and bottom thereof, and a supporting bo t connecting said caps, saidlower cap being centrally depressed, thereby forming an annular outerportion to support the cylinder and an inner recessed portion for thehead of said bolt.

4. A negative element for batteries, cornprising a thin pressed cylinderof metal oxid, 1

upper and lower detachable caps mounted respectively upon the top andbottom thereof, and a supporting bolt connecting. said lcaps, said lowercap being centrally depressed, thereby forming an annular outer portionto support the cylinder and an inner recessed portion for the head ofsaid' bolt.

Signed at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield, and'State ofConnecticut this 28th day of March, A. D., v1906.

CHARLES B. scHonNMIsHL.

Witnesses C. M. NEWMAN, RUTH RAYMOND.

